TNF RI/TNFRSF1A Polyclonal Antibody

TNF-α is an important cytokine produced by numerous cell types, including neutrophils, activated lymphocytes, macrophages, and NK cells. It plays a critical role in inflammatory responses and apoptosis. TNF-α exists as a membrane-anchored and soluble form, both of which show biological activity. Response to TNF-α is mediated through two receptors, TNF-R1, which is widely expressed, and TNF-R2, which is expressed mainly in immune and endothelial cells. Antagonists to TNF-α have been validated as therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis and other immune disorders. The two receptors for TNF-α, TNF-R1 (55 kDa) and TNF-R2 (75 kDa) can mediate distinct cellular responses. In most cases cytotoxicity elicited by TNF has been reported to act through TNF-R1. Cytotoxicity is mediated by a "death domain" with the intracellular region of the receptor that binds to the death domain adaptor protein TRADD and triggers the activation of caspases (8). Soluble forms of both receptors have also been characterized which can bind TNF-α and may play an important role in immune disorders.